Sunday, November 20, 2011

Conflicts in the creation of Paris.

First Merovingian and later Carolingian kings controlled the kingdom where Paris was for a lot
of time. Then, they were replaced by the Carolingians. Later, Capets come, and were succeed by The Valois. These were succeed by the Bourbons. Some interesting stories about Paris and it as a city are
the next ones:
In the XVI AC were organised lots of assassinations against Huguenots (French Calvinist Protestants). This were called St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, and is a part from French Wars of Religion. Lasted two days and thousand of Huguenots were killed. There are many theories about who organised the massacre, and traditionally people have thought that Catherine de Médici instigated the
massacre, but after some researches we know that who really ordered that the massacre was done
was Charles IX of France.
6Also in the XVI AC Paris population went against Henry III of France and made him leave his
position as governor of Paris. After this, the Seize, who doubted its name to the number of districts
that Paris has, took the power there. This was called The Day Of the Barricades.
Later, this capital was the center of the French Revolution. It commenced when Louis XVI of
France fired Jacques Necker, which was considered the only honest man in the government in that
moment. A mob sieged the Invalides, an armory, and acquired lots of weapons. Later, the same mob
sieged the Bastille and Bastille's defenders surrounded. That day is now noted as Bastille Day. Later,
when the revolution had already defeated the king, the queen and others members of the last
government, Napoleon Bonaparte became first consul after dispersing a Parisian revolution firing
cannons at point-black range.
After some time, and when Napoleon had already been defeated, Baron Haussmann was set
as Prefect of Paris by Napoleon III, the nephew of the already defeated Napoleon Bonaparte, who
won the Nationwide elections of the 2nd Republic of France with the 75% total votes and also the one who decided to the 2nd republic into an empire. He was the one who decided to make Paris more
modern. He destroyed the city's defensive walls and put around the city some boulevards, better
buildings, reorganised streets...  Finally, he was fired after being caught in corruption behaviors.
Napoleon III mandate came to its end when he declared the war to Prussia. The same day Napoleon
III resigned, a 3rd Republic was proclaimed and some time later, Prussian army reached Paris and
conquered it in 3 months without much effort. The Commune of Paris were proclaimed, and after a two months war and a lot of people dead, the government of Adolphe Thiers was restored in Paris.
In 1889 a World Expo was organised in Paris. It was the main reason to the construction of the
7Eiffel Tower, which was also the principal symbol in the event.
When the 2nd world war came, Paris was conquered by Germany from the 1940 to 1944.
While it was conquered, some interesting things happened. One of them is that the 160.000 Jewish
population of Paris was discriminated so their business had to be close  and their entry to a restaurant
or to a theatre, forbidden. Other interesting thing is that German Soldiers were ordered to treat politely to Paris inhabitants. In fact, they always paid what they bought, still when vendors overcharged them.
They also carried wherever a German-French phrase book.
When the post-war time came in Paris, the 4th Republic of France was proclaimed. Indochina
and Algeria were lost, and thousands of pro-french people came to France from the second one. Due
to how overcrowded was Paris becoming, the banlieues were created. Banlieues it's the name given in Francophone countries to suburb areas which are under the law.
And today, in the 21st century, Paris is a city, a capital of a country and a capital of a region. Its
actual mayor is Bertrand Delanoë, a French-Tunisian Diploma in Economics.
  It's one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe and houses about half of the french
business centrals. It's the most popular touristic destiny in the world with more than 25.000.000 foreign visits a year.
From 1956, Paris is twinned mainly with Rome, but it has also twinned, between others, with
Madrid, Washington DC, Lisbon, Berlin, London, Casablanca, Chicago...
 There have taken place 5 WORLD Expos in Paris since the first one in 1855. It took place on the
champ Elysées under the government of Napoleon III. 5,162,330 visitors came to visit the EXPO, and those left a profit of about $5,000,000 in the country.
  The second one was conducted in 1867 on all Paris, again under the government of Napoleon III.
About 9,238,967 persons visited the Exposition, and , mainly, there were no profits. French
government and french people wasted about $5,883,400 and only $2,822,900 were received.
However, Paris city and Parisian people paid some subscriptions and, finally, that $3,060,500 debt
was enough paid by Paris city as a "subscription".
   The third of them was made in 1878 in Paris as a way of celebrating the lost prusian war. It were
way bigger than the previously existing ones. 36 countries participated on
a surface of 76 hectare. There were 16,156,626 visitors. Graham Bell's
telephone was shown for the first time. Thomas Edison showed his
megaphone and his phonograph.
   The fourth one took place in 1889. It was the reason of the construction
of the Eiffel Tower, which was a "door" to enter intro the EXPO, just like the well known by Seville "Portada" in Sevillie Fear of April. The main attraction was the "Village nègre",
an attraction were you could see 400 people -usually indigenous- in their natural state.. There were
32,250,297 visitors and there weren't many profits -only 49,500,000 francs received from 41,500,000
francs wasted.
   The last -and fifth- one  happened in 1900 to celebrate previous achievements and next ones. First
talking firms and escalators were shown there. Diesel engine were shown working with peanut oil. A 49 inches telescope was shown in the Great Exposition Refractory, which was the largest one of its kind in that time.

No comments:

Post a Comment